HAEMOGLOBIN

 HAEMOGLOBIN

• study of blood
• which is made up of plasma.
• 55 percent Made up of plasma
• 45 percent formed element (RBC, WBC, platelets)
• Haemoglobin is formed in erythropoiesis

HAEMOGLOBIN:

→ Red colour oxygen carrying pigment in

the RBC.

→ Haemoglobi has M.W — 68,000.

Normal haemoglobin Content :

→ In Males: 14 to 18gm percent

→ In Females: 12 to 15 gm percent

→ In Nemborn: 23 gm percent (more in newborn)

Less Haemoglobin: Anaemia

FUNCTIONS OF HAEMOGLOBIN 

• Transport of oxygen from lungs to tissue
• Transport of Co2 from tissue to lungs
• It acts as an acid base buffer

SYNTHESIS OF HEAMOGLOBIN.

• it takes place only in the developing RBC
• It starts in the early homoblastic stage and continues till reticulocyte stage
• Heme portion is synthesised in mitochondria .
• Major part of it is 96 percent a protein - globin
• the remaining 4 percent is an iron Containing Pigment called "Haem "
• Each haemoglobin molecules has 4 subunits - each containing  a HEAM group and a POLYPEPTIDE CHAIN

FORMATION OF HAEMOGLOBIN

• 2 succunyl - COA + 2 glycine → pryrrote
• 4 Pryrrote → protoposphyine IX
• 4 heme + globin → haemoglobin chain
• 2 Alpha chain + 2 beta chain →  haemoglobin A .

Ore gram of the haemoglobin  Carries 1.34 ml of oxygen 

TYPE'S OF HAEMOGLOBIN

• Adult HB - 2 alpha chain ,2 beta chain
• In adults - 2.5 percent of total HB is HbA2

• Felal Haemoglobin

→ HbF: Has 2 Alpha and 2 beta (gamma )chain 

→ gamma chain contains 146 AAS , but has 37 AAs that differ from beta chains 

→ it Seen in fetal Life.

DERIVATIVE'S OF HENOMOGLOBIN.

→ OXYHEMOGLOBIN: Hb + oxygem - reddish colour .

→ CARBOMINO - Hb: Hb + Carbon dioxide .

→ CARBOXY HE MOGLOBIN /CARBON MONOXY Hb -CoHb- cherry red

→ The affinity of Hb for Co is 250 times more than the affinity for oxygen

HAEMOGLOBIN A1 C

• HbA is  non enzymatically glycosylated to form haemoglobin A1C
• Glucose  is attached to each beta chains.